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Kipnuk
Current Population: 644 (2002 est.)
Incorporation Type: Unincorporated
Borough Located In: Unorganized
Taxes: No taxing authority
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Location and Climate
Kipnuk is located on the west bank of the Kugkaktlik River in the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, 85 air miles southwest of Bethel. It lies four miles inland from the Bering Sea coast. It lies at approximately 59.93889° North Latitude and -164.04139° West Longitude. (Sec. 10, T003S, R086W, Seward Meridian.) Kipnuk is located in the Bethel Recording District. The area encompasses 19.4 sq. miles of land and 0.2 sq. miles of water. The community is located in a marine climate. Precipitation averages 22 inches, with 43 inches of snowfall annually. Summer temperatures range from 41 to 57, winter temperatures are 6 to 24.

History, Culture and Demographics

Yup'ik Eskimos have inhabited the region for thousands of years. According to early BIA records, the village was established around 1922.
A federally recognized tribe is located in the community -- the Kipnuk Traditional Council. 98% of the population are Alaska Native or part Native. Kipnuk is a traditional Yup'ik Eskimo community, maintaining a subsistence lifestyle. Commercial fishing is an important income source. The sale or importation of alcohol is banned in the village.

During the 2000 U.S. Census, there were 154 total housing units, and 17 were vacant. 4 of these vacant housing units are used only seasonally. 170 residents were employed. The unemployment rate at that time was 33.98%, although 60.56% of all adults were not in the work force. The median household income was $34,375, per capita income was $8,589, and 20.89% of residents were living below the poverty level.


Facilities, Utilities, Schools and Health Care

A new 210,000 gal. water storage tank is filled from a reservoir on a nearby lake; residents haul treated water from several watering points. Honeybuckets are hauled by the village to a sewage lagoon. Homes are not plumbed. Construction has begun on infrastructure improvements, including a new reservoir pumphouse, a water treatment plant and sewage lagoon. The Village Council collects refuse and maintains the Class III permitted landfill. The Kipnuk school needs additional funds to complete its bio-pure sewage treatment plant and increase water storage capacity.
Electricity is provided by Kipnuk Light Plant.

There is one school located in the community, attended by 213 students.

Local hospitals or health clinics include Kipnuk Health Clinic.

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Economy and Transportation
Most employment in Kipnuk is in seasonal activities such as commercial fishing and construction. Subsistence activities are a major component of the Kipnuk lifestyle. 97 residents hold commercial fishing permits. Coastal Villages Seafood, Inc., processes halibut and salmon in Kipnuk. Income is also obtained by trapping. The community is also interested in an arts and crafts marketing cooperative.
Kipnuk offers a State-owned 2,120' gravel airstrip, with scheduled air taxi service five times each day. Charter services are also available. A seaplane base is also available. Boats and skiffs are used by residents for local travel during the summer, with snowmachines in the winter. Winter trails exist to Tuntutuliak (77 mi.), Chefornak (20 mi.) and Kwigillingok (35 mi.) Although there is no dock, barges from Bethel deliver cargo each summer. It is a local priority to construct docking facilities.

Organizations with Local Offices
Village Corporation - Kugkaktlik Limited, P.O. Box 36, Kipnuk, AK 99614, Phone 907-896-5414, Fax 907-896-5140
Village Council - Kipnuk Traditional Council, P.O. Box 57, Kipnuk, AK 99614, Phone 907-896-5515, Fax 907-896-5240

Regional Organizations
School District - Lower Kuskokwim Schools, P.O. Box 305, Bethel, AK 99559-0305, Phone 907-543-4800, Fax 907-543-4904, E-mail: bill_ferguson@lksd.org, Web: http://www.lksd.org
Regional Native Corporation - Calista Corporation, 301 Calista Court, Suite A, Anchorage, AK 99518-3028, Phone 907-279-5516, Fax 907-272-5060, E-mail: calista@calistacorp.com, Web: http://www.calistacorp.com/
Native Housing Authority - AVCP Reg. Housing Authority, P.O. Box 767, Bethel, AK 99559, Phone 907-543-3121, Fax 907-543-3933, E-mail: ron@avcphousing.org
Regional Development - Lower Kuskokwim Ec. Dev. Coun., P.O. Box 2021, Bethel, AK 99559, Phone 907-543-5967, Fax 907-543-3130, E-mail: carl_berger@ddc-alaska.org
CDQ Group - Coastal Villages Region Fund, 711 H Street, Suite 200, Anchorage, AK 99501-3461, Phone 907-278-5151, Fax 907-278-5150, E-mail: morgen_c@coastalvillages.org, Web: http://www.coastalvillages.org/
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