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Diomede
(DIE-oh-meed)
Current Population: 128 (2002 est.)
Incorporation Type: 2nd Class City
Borough Located In: Unorganized
Taxes: Sales: 3%
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Location and Climate
Diomede is located on the west coast of Little Diomede Island in the Bering Straits, 135 miles northwest of Nome. It is only 2.5 miles from Big Diomede Island, Russia, and the international boundary lies between the two islands. It lies at approximately 65.758611° North Latitude and -168.953056° West Longitude. (Sec. 08, T004N, R049W, Kateel River Meridian.) Diomede is located in the Cape Nome Recording District. The area encompasses 2.8 sq. miles of land and 0.0 sq. miles of water. Summer temperatures average 40 to 50; winter temperatures average from -10 to 6. Annual precipitation is 10 inches, with 30 inches of snowfall. During summer months, cloudy skies and fog prevail. Winds blow consistently from the north, averaging 15 knots, with gusts to 60 or 80 MPH. The Bering Strait is generally frozen between mid-December and mid-June.

History, Culture and Demographics

Early Eskimos on the islands were fearless men of the ice and sea, with an advanced culture practicing elaborate whale hunting ceremonies. They traded with both continents. The islands were named in 1728 by Vitus Bering in honor of Saint Diomede. The 1880 Census counted 40 people, all Ingalikmiut Eskimos, in the village of "Inalet." When the Iron Curtain was formed, Big Diomede became a Soviet military base and all Native residents were moved to mainland Russia. During World War II, Little Diomede residents who strayed into soviet waters were taken captive. The City was incorporated in 1970. Some residents are interested in relocating the village, due to the rocky slopes and harsh storms, lack of useable land for housing construction, and inability to construct a water/sewer system, landfill or airport.
A federally recognized tribe is located in the community -- the Native Village of Diomede (a.k.a. Inalik). 93.8% of the population are Alaska Native or part Native. Diomede is a traditional Ingalikmiut Eskimo village with a subsistence lifestyle. Seal, polar bear, blue crab and whale meat are the preferred foods. Mainland Natives come to Diomede to hunt polar bears. Seal and walrus hides are used to make individual clothing items, parkas, hats, mukluks, and furs and skins for trade. The sale or importation of alcohol is banned in the village.

During the 2000 U.S. Census, there were 47 total housing units, and 4 were vacant. 45 residents were employed. The unemployment rate at that time was 2.17%, although 48.86% of all adults were not in the work force. The median household income was $23,750, per capita income was $9,944, and 35.44% of residents were living below the poverty level.

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Facilities, Utilities, Schools and Health Care

Water drawn from a mountain spring is treated and stored in a 434,000 steel tank, and families haul water from this source. The tank is filled for winter use, but the water supply typically runs out around March. The washeteria is then closed and residents are required to melt snow and ice for drinking water. The City has requested funds for a 600,000-gal. steel tank and to improve the water catchment system. The school has requested funding for a 500,000-gal. water storage tank to alleviate demands on the City water supply, and as a community back-up. All households use privies and honeybuckets. The washeteria/clinic is served by a septic system and seepage pit. Due to the soil condition, lack of ground cover and steep terrain, PHS has found limited waste disposal methods. Refuse is disposed on the pack ice in winter; combustibles are burned. The City has requested funding to implement refuse collection and purchase an incinerator.
Electricity is provided by Diomede Joint Utilities.

There is one school located in the community, attended by 39 students.

Local hospitals or health clinics include Diomede Health Clinic. Auxiliary health care is provided by Diomede Volunteer Fire Dept./First Responders (686-3071).


Economy and Transportation
Little Diomede villagers depend almost entirely upon a subsistence economy for their livelihood. Employment is limited to the City and school. Seasonal mining, construction and commercial fishing positions have been on the decline. The Diomede people are excellent ivory carvers; the City serves as a wholesale agent for the ivory. Villagers travel to Wales by boat for supplies. Mail is delivered once per week.
Due to constant winds from the north, accessibility is often limited. A State-owned heliport allows for weekly mail delivery. There is no airstrip due to the steep slopes and rocky terrain, so skiplanes must land on an ice strip in winter. Few float plane pilots attempt to land on the rough, often foggy open sea during summer. Regular flights are scheduled from Nome, weather permitting. There is a breakwater and small boat harbor. Skin boats are still a popular method of sea travel, 28 miles to Wales. Cargo barge stops are irregular, due to sea or ice conditions, but deliver at least annually. Lighterage services are available from Nome.

Organizations with Local Offices
City - City of Diomede, P.O. Box 7039, Little Diomede, AK 99762, Phone 907-686-3071, Fax 907-686-2192, E-mail: diomedeutilities@aol.com
Electric Utility - Diomede Joint Utilities, P.O. Box 7020, Diomede, AK 99762, Phone 907-686-3051, Fax 907-686-3061
Village Corporation - Diomede Native Corporation, P.O. Box 7040, Little Diomede, AK 99762, Phone 907-686-3221, Fax 907-686-3222
Village Council - Native Village of Diomede, P.O. Box 7079, Little Diomede, AK 99762, Phone 907-686-2175, Fax 907-686-2203

Regional Organizations
School District - Bering Straits Schools, P.O. Box 225, Unalakleet, AK 99684, Phone 907-624-3611, Fax 907-624-3099, E-mail: jadavis@bssd.org, Web: http://www.bssd.org
Regional Native Corporation - Bering Straits Native Corp., P.O. Box 1008, Nome, AK 99762, Phone 907-443-5252, Fax 907-443-2985, E-mail: bsncpresident@beringstraits.com, Web: http://www.beringstraits.com/
Native Housing Authority - Bering Straits Housing Auth., P.O. Box 995, Nome, AK 99762, Phone 907-443-5256, Fax 907-443-2160, E-mail: bsrha@nome.net
Regional Native Non-Profit - Kawerak, Incorporated, P.O. Box 948, Nome, AK 99762, Phone 907-443-5231, Fax 907-443-4452, E-mail: webmaster@kawerak.org, Web: http://www.kawerak.org
Regional Development - Bering Strait Dev. Council, P.O. Box 948, Nome, AK 99762, Phone 907-443-9005, Fax 907-443-2591, E-mail: ced.pd@kawerak.org, Web: http://www.kawerak.org
CDQ Group - Norton Sound Econ. Dev. Corp., 420 L St., Suite 310, Anchorage, AK 99501-1971, Phone 907-274-2248, Fax 907-274-2249, E-mail: eugene@nsedc.com, Web: http://www.nsedc.com
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